Hoa Lo Prison Relic: Unveiling Historical Testaments of Hanoi

Reputed as “Hell on Earth,” Hoa Lo Prison or “Maison Centrale” stands as a poignant reminder of the French colonial era. Recognized by Americans as the infamous “Hanoi Hilton,” this site witnessed the detention of American pilots during the Vietnam War, a period marked by intense U.S. bombings on North Vietnam from 1964 to 1973.

Spanning a total area of 12,908 square meters, Hoa Lo Prison comprised essential facilities such as a guard house, a workshop, an alms-giving hospital, two infirmaries, two prisons for suspects, and five prisons for prisoners. However, the preserved Hoa Lo Prison Relic area available for exploration today encompasses only about 2,400 square meters.

For those journeying to Hanoi, a visit to Hoa Lo Prison Relic is imperative, offering a compelling insight into the historical narrative of the capital.

Operating Hours of Hoa Lo Prison Relic

Situated at 1 Hoa Lo Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hoa Lo Prison Relic in Hanoi opens its doors to visitors daily from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., even during Tet holidays. This flexibility allows visitors to plan their visit to this historical site at their convenience.

For those seeking a unique experience, captivating night tours are available every Friday and Sunday from 7:00 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. Priced affordably at 50,000 VND per adult and further discounted to 25,000 VND for students, these tours offer a fascinating journey into the past at Hoa Lo Prison Relic. Don’t miss the opportunity for an authentic and engaging exploration of this historical landmark.

How To Get Hoa Lo Prison Relic

Hoa Lo Prison Relic is situated at the heart of the capital, a mere 1km from Hoan Kiem Lake, reaching this historical landmark is exceptionally convenient, regardless of your chosen mode of transportation. Depending on your starting point, there are various travel routes available to suit your preferences.

If you’re coming from Hoan Kiem Lake, a recommended route, based on Hanoi travel experience, involves following Hai Ba Trung Street to reach your destination. The proximity of the site makes it entirely feasible to cover the distance on foot. Several bus routes, including buses 32, 38, and 41, pass through the vicinity of the prison.

Additionally, for those opting for motorbike taxis or traditional taxis, the fare may vary based on your starting location. A practical suggestion is to combine your visit to Hoa Lo Prison Relic with an exploration of the Hoan Kiem Lake walking street area and the charming old town, maximizing your historical and cultural experience in the heart of Hanoi.

Discovering the Depths of Hoa Lo Prison: A Glimpse into its Harrowing Past

Known by its French name Maison Centrale, Hoa Lo Prison, established in 1896, served as the central penitentiary for Tonkin and Central Vietnam during the French colonial era. Once the largest prison in Indochina, it housed primarily anti-colonial patriots and political prisoners.

Renowned worldwide, the imposing exterior of Hoa Lo Prison, often referred to as “hell on earth,” features robust stone walls entwined with electric wires, shards of broken bottles, and watchtowers strategically placed to deter escape attempts.

Comprising four distinct areas-A, B, C, and D-Hoa Lo Prison catered to various types of detainees:

• Areas A and B: Reserved for those under investigation, individuals with minor offenses, or those violating prison discipline.
• Area C: Designated for French or foreign prisoners.
• Area D: Housing serious criminals awaiting the death penalty.

Upon obtaining entrance tickets, visitors are guided through the prison by knowledgeable staff. For a more immersive experience, walkie-talkies and headphones can be rented to receive detailed explanations in each area. Despite informational signs in every room, firsthand accounts from former prisoners are essential to grasp the brutality endured during colonial times, as per my experience in Hanoi.

The dimly lit space, coupled with minimal lighting, allows visitors to palpably sense the stifling and spine-chilling atmosphere of the prison. Those who venture here witness the harsh realities of prison life and the chains that bound inmates in the past.

Notably gruesome, Hoa Lo Prison housed a colossal guillotine, standing at 4 meters high, used for executing death row prisoners. With a sharp blade suspended above and a receptacle below for heads, this macabre device claimed the lives of countless revolutionary soldiers during its operation. The mere entry into this area induces shivers among tourists, as the walkie-talkies vividly recreate the haunting sounds of the death penalty cell door opening and the screech of the guillotine. Operating relentlessly, this guillotine machine circulated from prison to prison throughout Tonkin during that tumultuous period.

The Ominous Dungeon: A Chilling Chapter in Hoa Lo Prison’s History

Within Hoa Lo Prison, the dungeon, known as the “cachot,” serves as a haunting destination that leaves a profound impact on visitors. These rooms, aptly named the “hell of hell,” exude darkness, confinement, and complete isolation, creating an atmosphere that is deeply unsettling.

Prisoners confined to the dungeon faced the harsh reality of being shackled, compelled to eat and sleep in the same cramped space. The unsanitary conditions and lack of light in these dark confines led to afflictions such as scabies, edema, and overall weakness among the prisoners.

While female prisoners in the dungeon were somewhat more lenient, not always shackled and allowed to care for their children, they still endured extreme cruelty, including electrocution with electric cameras.

In the female political prison section, visitors to Hanoi will hear the poignant story of martyr Nguyen Thi Quang Thai, the first wife of General Vo Nguyen Giap. Detained in this “hell on earth,” she faced brutal torture but remained steadfast, refusing to divulge any information about the organization. Tragically, in 1944, she succumbed to her ordeal at the tender age of 29.

The Centenarian Almond Tree: A Symbol of Respite and Reminiscence at Hoa Lo Prison

Nestled within the courtyard of Hoa Lo Prison stands a magnificent hundred-year-old almond tree, its towering and expansive presence casting cooling shade over the entire area. Planted by the soldiers themselves, this almond tree has become a cherished haven for rest and relaxation. In times gone by, soldiers utilized not only the shade it provided but also derived medicinal properties from almond leaves and fruits, while almond branches served dual purposes as both flutes and chopsticks.

Adjacent to the underground sluice gate area, visitors will encounter a segment of iron bars that bears the marks of sawing—an emblematic tale of both successful and unsuccessful escape attempts by political prisoners. Stepping into this underground realm, visitors can immerse themselves in the tangible sensation of a prison escape, traversing narrow, damp, and dimly lit hallways that evoke the challenges faced by those seeking freedom.

Unveiling the Dark Past: Hoa Lo Prison Relic Night Tour

On weekends (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday), the Hoa Lo Prison Relic night tour, designed for a limited number of participants, beckons visitors into a time-traveling experience. Stepping into the shoes of a political prisoner, participants navigate the darkness and confinement of prison cells, gaining a firsthand perspective on the harsh conditions and unwavering fighting spirit of our ancestors.

Throughout the night tour of Hoa Lo Prison Relic, each destination comes alive not only through the documents and explanations provided by the tour guide but also through captivating tableaus meticulously “revived” by performing artists. As tourists are transported back to the era of the resistance war, they bear witness to the enemy’s most brutal and cruel actions, experiencing emotions ranging from overwhelming sorrow and choked-up sentiments to raw anger.

The Hoa Lo Prison Relic night tour is an emotionally charged journey, offering an authentic and infinite portrayal of historical narratives. It goes beyond the pages of history books, immersing visitors in the tumultuous past. For those who embark on this unique venture, the profound emotions evoked are unparalleled, leaving an indelible mark on their understanding and appreciation of Vietnamese history.

Know More About The Name “Hanoi Hilton”

Hoa Lo Prison, primarily recognized in the West as one of the facilities where American pilots shot down and captured during the Vietnam War were held, gained notoriety as the “Hanoi Hilton,” a term used sarcastically by the pilots. Although the North Vietnamese didn’t legally consider them “prisoners of war,” many, including John McCain during his five and a half years as a POW, were detained here. Nearly 600 other American flyers also endured captivity, with the prison operating as a POW facility from August 5, 1964, to March 29, 1973.

Dedicated to the American pilot prisoners of war, two rooms within the prison showcase artifacts, photos, and text that present a starkly contrasting image to the rest of the facility. These rooms feature a bed, prisoners’ clothing, personal effects, and notably, John McCain’s flight suit and parachute worn during his ill-fated bombing mission when he was shot down and rescued from Truc Bach Lake.

One of the rooms paints a more optimistic picture, displaying images of American POWs celebrating Christmas, enjoying good meals, playing chess, and engaging in recreational activities such as pool. The exhibit highlights the prisoners’ freedom to practice their religion, along with captions indicating that they received proper medical care, care packages from loved ones, and had access to reporters and humanitarian agencies. A continuous-loop video further emphasizes the humane treatment of the prisoners, showcasing them being treated well, cooking Christmas dinner, and even sharing light-hearted moments with their captors.

>> People read also Thang Long Imperial Citadel.

Exploring Nearby Gems: Attractions Adjacent to Hoa Lo Prison

As you embark on your journey to Hanoi, make sure not to overlook the captivating attractions that surround Hoa Lo Prison Relic. Here are some noteworthy sites to consider:

Hoan Kiem Lake (Sword Lake)

Serving as the heart of the capital, Hoan Kiem Lake is an indispensable tourist destination in Hanoi. This expansive natural freshwater lake spans 12 hectares, seamlessly connecting the historic streets of Cau Go, Hang Ngang, Hang Dao, and more. Surrounding the lake, a plethora of delightful restaurants, eateries, and weekend art and entertainment activities await exploration. Additionally, iconic landmarks like Ngoc Son Temple, Turtle Tower, Pen Tower, The Huc Bridge, and the Hanoi Moi newspaper’s check-in point line the shores, providing ample opportunities for discovery.

St. Joseph Cathedral

Constructed in 1887, St. Joseph Cathedral boasts a distinctive Gothic style, featuring two bell towers that reach an impressive height of nearly 32 meters. The church, adorned in a classic gray tone, has maintained its original characteristics despite undergoing several restorations. A visit to this cathedral offers tourists a chance to delve into religious beliefs while enjoying stunning photo opportunities in the heart of Hanoi.

Hanoi Flagpole

Situated just over 1km from Hoa Lo Prison Relic, the Hanoi Flagpole stands as an enticing tourist attraction. Erected in the 19th century on the grounds of the Vietnam Military History Museum, the 33-meter-high flagpole features three base floors and one tower, making it a striking and historically significant landmark to explore.

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